Healthcare Providers: Is the IDR Process or Litigation the Right Revenue Recovery Strategy for You?
Both the federal Independent Dispute Resolution (IDR) process and litigation are powerful tools in healthcare revenue recovery. In many scenarios, the No Surprises Act (NSA) has exacerbated revenue cycle challenges such as delayed payments and adverse impacts on cash flow and financial stability. Understanding when to use IDR and litigation with personalized guidance from Allia Group can help providers make strategic decisions to maximize revenue recovery from underpaid insurance claims.* Utilizing the IDR Process and Litigation To Solve Healthcare Revenue Recovery Challenges While the NSA aims to protect patients from unexpected bills, it has also introduced complexities for providers seeking fair compensation for out-of-network (OON) services. Terminated contracts, delayed payments, and underpayments have led to significant revenue cycle disruptions, threatening the financial stability of many healthcare providers. These disruptions can have long-term impacts and force providers to explore new avenues for revenue recovery. IDR and litigation present viable options, but knowing when to use each is key to success. When to Use the IDR Process for Healthcare Revenue Recovery The IDR Process is most effective for resolving out-of-network disputes related to recent procedures and surgeries within the last 30 days from receiving the EOB. It offers a structured and relatively accelerated resolution process, ideal for singular procedures or multiple claims in this timeframe that can be batched together. IDR is available when federal or state laws explicitly define the process and types of claims which can use it. Where a state has legislated a state IDR process, it is usually available for disputes related to local state insurance plans versus most federally regulated plans. Federal IDR is available for both federal and state regulated plans, where the state does not have its own IDR process. Limitations of the IDR Process Time Constraints The IDR process operates under strict time limitations, leaving many existing provider claims ineligible. Federal IDR is only available for claims involving services rendered on or after January 1, 2022. The process begins only after a 30-day open negotiation period fails to resolve the payment dispute. Providers then have just four days after the negotiation period ends to initiate IDR, making the timeline tight and challenging for those who may need more time to gather necessary documentation or who manage high claim volumes. Batching Restrictions Batching claims within the IDR process is highly restricted, limiting its effectiveness. The claims must share the same CPT code and dates of service must be within a narrow 30-day window. There is also a maximum number of 25 items allowed per batched dispute. These stringent batching requirements are particularly problematic for providers dealing with claims needing to all be against the same self-funded ERISA plan and the issue of batching “similar” CPT codes. This reduces the efficiency and financial viability of pursuing IDR for batched cases. Insurer Advantage and the Qualifying Payment Amount (QPA) The IDR process has been significantly influenced by powerful insurance lobbies, often skewing the outcomes in favor of insurers. Since the implementation of the NSA, the use of the Qualifying Payment Amount (QPA) has been a contentious point, as the QPA tended to favor insurers by anchoring payment decisions closer to their interests. Although recent legal challenges have led to rule updates involving the QPA, progress is slow and systemic biases remain. Administrative Complexity and Financial Burden Engaging in the IDR process requires thorough preparation, documentation, and procedural compliance. This adds administrative complexity, strains resources, and diverts focus from healthcare delivery. Providers must also pay upfront fees for the administrative costs of initiating the process and the fees of the IDR entity that ultimately decides the appropriate payment amount. The prevailing party in IDR recovers the IDR entity fee. However, if the provider does not prevail in the IDR decision, they are responsible for covering the entire IDR entity fee, compounding the financial risk and burden associated with the IDR process. Allia Group can finance these upfront fees for providers to remove this burden. When to Use Litigation for Healthcare Revenue Recovery Litigation can serve as a robust alternative when IDR constraints impede fair recovery. It is suitable when providers cannot reach an agreement with insurers for OON reimbursements, whether or not such services are covered under the NSA or a state statute. Litigation can also be utilized for in-network disputes when providers face underpayments, downcoded claims, or contractual breaches—subject to the dispute resolution provisions within a provider’s contract. Litigation is particularly advantageous for pursuing older claims and those beyond IDR’s scope, allowing for potential recoveries across multiple years based on each state’s statutes of limitation. With Allia Group’s combination of legal expertise and advanced data analytics, providers can identify the most favorable recovery strategies, ensuring that all potential avenues for adjudicating reimbursement disputes are thoroughly explored and optimized. How Litigation and Litigation Finance Solve IDR Limitations Broader Claim Scope Litigation allows healthcare providers to pursue a broader range of claims, including in many instances those that fall outside the narrow timeframes of IDR. Providers can often include underpaid insurance claims from before the implementation of the NSA in the same lawsuit as those post-NSA, potentially enabling larger recoveries across multiple years. This strategy extends the conventional revenue cycle timeline and recaptures insurance balances by approximately up to six years, depending on the state’s statute of limitations. Flexible Bundling Litigation allows a provider to aggregate many smaller underpayment claims into a single, large-scale lawsuit against payers, maximizing opportunities for recovery. Allia Group’s litigation finance strategy has the ability to aggregate claims from multiple providers into one case, allowing for larger cases and more efficient use of legal resources. Financial Relief from Upfront Costs Allia Group’s litigation model helps alleviate financial pressure on providers by purchasing underpaid insurance claims and covering associated litigation costs. This approach shifts the financial burden away from providers, ensuring they can continue focusing resources on delivering quality healthcare services without financial strain associated with litigation. Reduced Administrative Burden Allia Group also reduces the administrative burden on providers of having to manage the long